Unconsciousness (Legal Term)
Historical document, translated for reference. It reflects medical knowledge of the 1920s–30s and is not medical advice.
Summary
This article defines the term 'bespamyatstvo' (unconsciousness/amnesia) as it was used in pre-revolutionary Russian criminal law to describe transient mental disorders. It contrasts this historical legal concept with the Soviet legal approach, which abandoned the term in favor of more precise definitions regarding temporary mental incapacity.
Encyclopedia article (1928–1936)
UNCONSCIOUSNESS (Bespamyatstvo), a term from pre-revolutionary Russian criminal legislation used to define transient mental disorders, specifically 'seizures of illness leading to delirium or complete unconsciousness' (Article 92, Clause 3 of the Code of Punishments). The necessity of proving a pathological state of the organism (encompassing not only psychological but also physical illnesses) significantly limited the application of the term 'complete unconsciousness.' Complete unconsciousness relative to a known interval of time is an extremely important criterion when determining
INFERTILITY
the existence of an unconscious state (see Unconscious). There is undoubtedly a parallelism between the depth of the clouding of consciousness and the completeness of subsequent amnesia, but not every clouding of consciousness is necessarily accompanied by amnesia. Memories of events during the most severe disorders of psychological activity can be preserved in full volume and clarity. When resolving the question of a temporary disorder of mental activity, Soviet legislation, unlike pre-revolutionary legislation, does not use the term 'unconsciousness' at all.
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Cite this page
“Unconsciousness (Legal Term).” Soviet Medical Encyclopedia. English translation of Bolshaya Meditsinskaya Entsiklopediya, 1st ed. (Moscow, 1928–1936), ed. N. A. Semashko. https://sovietmedicalencyclopedia.com/article/unconsciousness-legal-term/